A pressure balance element operates by regulating the pressure difference between the interior of sealed equipment and its external environment, ensuring stable internal pressure and protecting the equipment's sealing system. Its core function is to prevent damage caused by excessive positive or negative pressure, while maintaining the equipment's waterproof, dustproof, and airtight performance. The working principle relies on precise structural design and material properties to achieve dynamic pressure equilibrium without compromising the equipment's protective integrity.

When the internal pressure rises—often due to temperature fluctuations, equipment operation, or gas generation—the element allows excess internal gas to escape to the outside. This release of gas prevents the internal pressure from exceeding the sealing system's tolerance, which could lead to seal deformation, leakage, or even damage to the equipment casing.

Conversely, when the internal pressure drops below atmospheric pressure, creating a vacuum, the element permits external air to enter the sealed space. This influx of air balances the pressure difference, avoiding the collapse of the equipment structure or the ingress of moisture and contaminants that may be drawn in by negative pressure. The permeable materials used in many pressure balance elements are designed to allow gas passage while blocking liquids and solid particles, ensuring that pressure regulation does not compromise the equipment's protective functions.

• Material Selection: The material selection and structural design of the element are tailored to its application scenario.
• Harsh Environments: For harsh environments, elements may adopt corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials to maintain performance under extreme conditions.
• Advanced Designs: Some advanced designs incorporate one-way valves or pressure-sensitive components to respond more precisely to pressure changes, opening only when the pressure difference reaches a specific threshold to minimize unnecessary gas exchange and reduce contamination risks.

In summary, a pressure balance element achieves dynamic pressure equilibrium through controlled gas exchange, responding to both positive and negative pressure fluctuations. By balancing internal and external pressure while preserving the equipment's sealing performance, it effectively protects sealed systems from damage and extends their operational lifespan.